Bronchial artery

Artery: Bronchial artery
Bronchial artery labeled at center right.
Latin	rami bronchiales partis thoracicae aortae, arteriae bronchiales
Gray's	subject #153 600
Supplies	lungs
Source	thoracic aorta
Vein	Bronchial veins

In human anatomy, the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung, and one to the right lung.

Contents [hide] 1 Origin 2 Distribution to lung 3 Comparison with pulmonary arteries 4 Pathology 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

Origin

The left bronchial arteries (superior & inferior) usually arise directly from the thoracic aorta.

The single right bronchial artery usually arises from one of the following:

• 1) the thoracic aorta at a common trunk with the right 3rd posterior intercostal artery
• 2) the superior bronchial artery on the left side
• 3) any number of the right intercostal arteries mostly the third right posterior.

Distribution to lung

The bronchial arteries supply blood to the bronchi and connective tissue of the lungs. They travel with and branch with the bronchi, ending about at the level of the respiratory bronchioles. They anastomose with the branches of the pulmonary arteries, and together, they supply the visceral pleura of the lung in the process.

Note that much of the blood supplied by the bronchial arteries is returned via the pulmonary veins rather than the bronchial veins.

Each bronchial artery also has a branch that supplies the esophagus.

Comparison with pulmonary arteries

It is easy to confuse the bronchial arteries with the pulmonary arteries, because they both supply the lungs with blood, but there are important differences:

pulmonary arteries	supplies deoxygenated blood pumped from the right ventricle	pulmonary circulation	relatively large
bronchial arteries	supplies oxygenated blood pumped from the left ventricle	systemic circulation	relatively small

Pathology

The bronchial arteries are typically enlarged and tortuous in chronic pulmonary thromboembolic hypertension.^[1]

See also

• Bronchial veins
• Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy

References

1. ^ Kauczor H, Schwickert H, Mayer E, Schweden F, Schild H, Thelen M. "Spiral CT of bronchial arteries in chronic thromboembolism". J Comput Assist Tomogr 18 (6): 855–61. PMID 7962789. 

External links

• SUNY Figs 21:06-06 - "Branches of the ascending aorta, arch of the aorta, and the descending aorta."
• Histology at BU 13903loa
• Bronchial arteries - anatquest.nlm.nih.gov.

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[hide] v • d • e List of arteries of torso · chest (TA A12.2.01-04,11, GA 6.598) Pulmonary/ coronary Right coronary: SA nodal · AV nodal · Atrial · Right marginal · Posterior interventricular Left coronary: Anterior interventricular · Left circumflex (Left marginal) Ascending aorta/ aortic arch Brachiocephalic Thyreoidea ima · Right subclavian · Right common carotid Left common carotid External carotid · Internal carotid Carotid body · Carotid sinus · Carotid bifurcation Left subclavian Internal thoracic: Anterior intercostal · Thymic · Pericardiacophrenic · terminal (Musculophrenic, superior epigastric) Costocervical trunk: Highest intercostal (Posterior intercostal 1-2) · Deep cervical Other Aortic body Descending/ thoracic aorta visceral: Bronchial · Esophageal · Mediastinal parietal: Posterior intercostal 3·11 · Subcostal · Superior phrenic